What is the most common risk for a bed-confined patient?

The most prevalent risk for a bed-confined patient is skin breakdown, also known as pressure ulcers or bedsores. This condition occurs due to the prolonged pressure on specific areas of the skin, often where bony prominences are in contact with a surface, such as a mattress. When a patient is immobilized and unable to change positions frequently, the blood flow to those areas becomes restricted. This lack of circulation can lead to tissue damage and ulcer formation.

Preventing skin breakdown involves regular repositioning of the patient, maintaining skin hygiene, using appropriate bedding and supports, and ensuring adequate nutrition to promote skin health. While other conditions like malnutrition, respiratory infections, and muscle atrophy are also concerns for bed-confined patients, skin breakdown is particularly critical because it can lead to significant morbidity and complicate the patient’s overall health status if not adequately managed.